质谱是一种测量离子荷质比（电荷-质量比）的分析方法，可用来分析同位素成分、有机物构造及元素成分等。质谱法在一次分析中可提供丰富的结构信息，将分离技术与质谱法相结合是分离科学方法中的一项突破性进展。质谱分析法对样品有一定的要求。在众多的分析测试方法中，质谱学方法被认为是一种同时具备高特异性和高灵敏度且得到了广泛应用的普适性方法。
Mass spectrometry is an analytical method to measure the charge mass ratio (charge mass ratio) of ions, which can be used to analyze isotopic composition, organic structure and element composition. Mass spectrometry can provide abundant structural information in primary analysis. The combination of separation technology and mass spectrometry is a breakthrough in separation science. Mass spectrometry has certain requirements for samples. Among many analytical methods, mass spectrometry is considered to be a universal method with high specificity and sensitivity.